what is a tin?????

stanna
Tin is a mineral that comes from the intrusion of magma, usually granite magma. Granite contains many valuable minerals, such as rutile, zircon, ilmenite, lekoksen, and monazite. This mineral is relatively hard and resistant to weathering (resistance) so that the last time the process of weathering, granite containing these minerals do not come fungus. Tin is obtained mainly from mineral kasiterit formed as tin oxide and minerals are not easily oxidized in air so resistant to rust, is found in many alloys, and used to coat other metals to prevent rust

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Opportunities zeolite



 Investment opportunities in the mining world's most worthy is the establishment of zeolite processing business in the vicinity of the location of the deposit. Financial Profile of business activities that can be presented in the management of these zeolites include:

- The operations of the manufacture of zeolite powder

- Operation granular zeolite for agricultural production

             Preparation of starch granules must be through the activities. Even if the business is a series of activities, each activity phase could be considered one business unit. Form of large blocks of zeolite was even able to sell, especially if it is in the form of powder, or granules. Following financial calculations zeolite mining business entrepreneurs who are interested enough to follow
         

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zeolite mineral processing

MINERAL ZEOLITE
This mineral is a group of compounds various kinds of mineral alumino silicate hydrate with alkali metals. Minerals included in the group of zeolite tuff, formed from volcanic ash sedimentation changed.
          
To be able to use the zeolite should have certain specifications relating to this qualification is determined by the absorption of the zeolite, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and the catalyst. Therefore, to memmperoleh zeolite with high capability required some processing, among others:

      
1. Preparation
This stage aims to obtain sizes of products in accordance with their intended use. Preparation phase consists of destroying the (destroyed), for milling (grinding).

       
2. Activation
This process aims to improve the specific properties of the zeolite by removing the elements of impurities and evaporate the water trapped in the pores of the zeolite crystal. There are two ways commonly used in zeolite activation process, namely heating at a temperature of 200-400 º C for 2-3 hours, and chemical reagents by using NaOH or H2SO4.

       
3. Modification
Process modifications are intended to change the surface properties of natural zeolite with a coating of organic polymers (synthetic and natural) in the zeolite.
A. MARKET OUTLOOK

          
Zeolites used in agriculture, animal husbandry, fisheries, industry, environmental health and building materials. Utilization of broad dimensions, implications for the potential demand is large enough. Request zeolite today come from countries Korea, Singapore and Japan. Meanwhile, domestic demand no less potential. Dimensions ample use of various aspects of life, can be predicted perminttan zeolite will increase along with increasing prosperity and the national economy.
          
One of the central reserves of zeolite with a fairly large volume in Tasikmalaya is part of the southern mountainous district stretches from Cikalong, Karangnunggal until Cipatujah.
B. DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

          
Exploitation of zeolite in Tasikmalaya are mostly done by people, but unfortunately mine management do not meet the rules applicable to mining activities. The weakness is most prominent in zeolite mining system that the society is the lack of attention to sustainability, waste resources, and low added value gained from such mining efforts.

          
Meanwhile, the added value gained from the mining business was not optimal. This is caused by mineral processing is done outside the region, namely in Padalarang. Meanwhile, because the mining done by people too much wild, do not have permission then the levies or taxes from the mine into a lot of materials that do not terpungut.
          
The ideal distribution channel, not too long, the process is done around the location of mineral deposits. In the concept of the ideal distribution network, there should be no raw material out of Tasikmalaya. Just finished goods, or at least a half-finished out of Tasikmalaya. Also on the ideal distribution network is likely to put the miners as the owner of the zeolite powder manufacturing plant or other product form.New! Click on words above to see alternative translations. RemoveGoogle Translate to: PenelusuranVideoEmailTeleponObrolanBisnisAbout Google TerjemahanMatikan instanPrivasiBantuan translation
  
Is a group of compounds Various Kinds of mineral alumino silicate hydrate with alkali metals. Minerals included in the group of zeolite tuffs commonly found in rocks, formed from the sedimentation of altered volcanic ash.
          
To be Able to use the zeolite Should have to perform certain specifications relating to this qualification is determined by the absorption of zeolite, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and the catalyst. Therefore to memmperoleh zeolite with high processing capability required Some, Among others:

      
1. Preparation
AIMS this stage to obtain sizes of products in accordance with the intended use. Preparation phase consists of crushing (crushing), to milling (grinding).

       
2. Activation
This process AIMS to improv the specific properties of the zeolite by removing the elements of impurities and evaporate the water trapped in the pores of zeolite crystals. There are Two Ways commonly Used in zeolite activation process, namely heating at a temperature of 200-400 º C for 2-3 hours, and chemical reagents by using NaOH or H2SO4.

       
3. Modification
Process modifications are intended to change the surface properties of natural zeolite by organic polymer coating (synthetic and natural) on the zeolite.A. MARKET OUTLOOK

          
Zeolites Used in agriculture, Animal Husbandry, fisheries, industry, environmental health and building materials. Utilization of vast dimensions, implications for the potential demand is large Enough. Request zeolite today come from countries of Korea, Singapore and Japan. Meanwhile, domestic demand of no less potential. Dimensions of use That Quite extensively on Various aspects of life, be it cans of zeolite perminttan will of increase is predicted along with Increasing prosperity and the national economy.

          
One of the backup center zeolite with a Fairly Large volume in Tasikmalaya is part of the southern mountains extending from the Sub Cikalong, Karangnunggal Until Cipatujah.
B. DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

          
Exploitation of zeolite in Tasikmalaya are Mostly done by people, but it is Unfortunate management of mining was done not meet the Rules That Apply to mining activities. The weakness is most prominent in zeolite mining system, That the community is the lack of attention to sustainability, waste resources, and low added value gained from mining Such Efforts.

          
Meanwhile, the added value gained from the mining business was not optimal. This is the caused by mineral processing is done outside the region, namely in Padalarang. Meanwhile, Because the mining was done by people too much wild, do not have permissions then the levies or taxes from the mine to be a lot of material That Is not terpungut.

          
The ideal distribution channel, not too long, the process is done around the location of mineral deposits. In the concept of the ideal distribution network, there Should not the raw materials out of Tasikmalaya. Just finished goods, or at least semi-finished out of Tasikmalaya. Also on the ideal distribution network it is possible to place the miners as the manufacture of flour mill owners or other zeolite product form.
       

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Genesis of Nickel Laterite


Nickel deposits generally formed on ultramafic rocks containing high Fe in olivine and nickel-yield between 0.2% - 0.4% wt. The mineralogy of nickel laterite can be divided into three categories (Brand et al., 1998)


 
a. Hydrous silicate DepositsProfiles of this type of vertical from bottom to top: Ore horizon in saprolite layer (Mg-Ni silicate), Nickel grade between 1.8% - 2.5%. In this zone developed box-works (what tuh ..), veining, relic structure, fracture and grain boundaries and can form mineral-rich Nickel; garnierite (max. 40% Ni). Ni dissolved (Leached) from the phase of limonite (Fe Oxyhydroxide) and deposited with hydrous silicate minerals or substitute elements of Mg in an altered serpentinite (Pelletier, 1996). So, although the nickel laterite is a product of weathering, but it can be said also that the supergene enrichment process is very important in the formation and economic value of hydrous silicate precipitated this. This type can be found in several places such as in New Caledonia, Indonesia, Philippines.Dominika and Columbia.


b. Silicate Clay Deposits
 
In this sediment type, Si is only partially dissolved by the groundwater. The remaining will join with Fe, Ni, and Al to form clay minerals (clay minerals) such as Ni-rich Notronite in the middle of the saprolite profile (see profile). Ni-rich serpentine also can be replace by smectite or quartz if the profile of this deposit in a long time stay in contact with groundwater. Ni grade of these deposits is lower than Hydrosilicate deposit (1.2%; Brand et all, 1998).


c. Oxide Deposits
 
The last type Oxide. Profile below shows Protolith of harzburgitic type peridotites (Mostly minerals olivine, serpentine, pyroxene), are very susceptible to weathering, especially in the tropics. Formed thereon is formed near surface saprolite and limonite and ferricrete (surface) (see profile). In this type of deposit oxide, nickel associated with Goethite (FeOOH) and Mn Oxide.
In addition, Nickel laterite is very rarely or not at all formed in carbonate rocks contain mineral talc.

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Chemical Process Formation of Nickel




Nickel formed with silicate minerals rich in elements Mg (ex; olivine). Olivine is a mineral which is unstable during weathering took place. Saprolite is the first weathering product, leaving at least 20% of the original fabric of the rock (parent rock). Boundary between bedrock, saprolite and wathering front unclear and even changes gradasional. Laterite nickel deposits are characterized by the existence of speroidal weathering along joints and fractures (boulder saprolite). During weathering progresses, Mg silicates are soluble and dissolve with groundwater. This causes the fabric of parent rock is totally change. As a result, Fe-Oxide dominated by forming horizontal layers above the saprolite, which we now know as limonite. It is true that nickel is associated with Fe-Oxide mainly of type Goethite. The average nickel amounted to 1.2%.

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